Ukraine, food crisis, war, food sales
Early signs of food crisis: the EU restricts sales of food per customer and «hunger riots» are possible in poor countries

 

The war in Ukraine and selling flour «a kilo per customer» in the EU are the links of a chain, aren’t they? The world community does not seem to seriously take forecasts like «future famine» so far. The analysts are predicting «hunger riots» in poor countries. The price of bread in the world is the matter of duration of military activities in Ukraine.

Antonio Guterres, UN Secretary General has predicted famine and collapse of the global food system. He wrote about it on his Twitter page:

«The war in Ukraine is already disrupting supply chains and causing the prices of fuel, food and transport to skyrocket. We must do everything possible to avert a hurricane of hunger and a meltdown of the global food system».

Out of reach

The situation in agricultural markets has been changing faster than it was expected. During the first week of the war on the territory of Ukraine, the cost of food wheat reached $ 500/t.

«Ukraine and russia combined account for the majority of world cereal exports. Ceased exports from the countries will negatively impact the global food security and prices. At the beginning of last week, May futures at CBOT increased sharply to $ 470/t. Clearly, there appeared to be some speculation and later the prices rolled back, but still exceed $ 400/t,» Mariya Kolesnyk, deputy director of ProAgro Group, said.

Not every country can afford such expensive imports. Besides, the shipments are limited. Egypt, Yemen, Israel, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Libya, Lebanon, Tunisia, Morocco, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Turkey are the countries which are dependent on cereal imports.

«A number of countries in Asia and North Africa are the first to be hit. We should not forget that last season some of them suffered from drought and became dependent on imported cereals and they lack funds to purchase expensive food. Skyrocketing grain prices affect the social situation in poor countries, which can lead to «hungry riots».

We still remember how the revolutions in Egypt and Tunisia began, grain prices being the main trigger", Maria Kolesnik said.

Rich countries at risk

The food situation in the world is getting more alarming, and this is just the beginning. Ukraine complied with its most export obligations before the war. According to ProAgro Group, in February, 18 million tons of wheat were exported, and the big question is what next season will be. The EU countries have already been experiencing the early signs of food crisis.

«The early signs of food crisis have appeared in rich countries. In Germany, some retailers have started taking the drastic steps of limiting the amount of flour and sugar per consumer amid ongoing fears that the war in Ukraine will cause food shortages and trigger panic buying.

The world’s carryover stocks are insufficient, half of them being concentrated now in China and unavailable to the world," said Mariya Kolesnyk.

As the analysts of Ukrainian AgrariCouncil report, in 2021/2022 MY world export of sunflower oil amounted to 10.9 million tons, including 5.4 million tons exported by Ukraine. Therefore, it is not surprising that this product is disappearing from the shelves of the stores, while Ukraine has the surplus sunflower oil.

European vegetable oil association, FEDIOL, has already provided oils intended for biodiesel production to the food market because of the ceased shipments from the Black Sea region.

«Will Ukraine remain a breadbasket of Europe and feed 400 million people worldwide? Every 10th loaf of bread in the world is baked from Ukrainian grain, every 2nd bottle of sunflower oil comes from Ukraine. Before the war, 60% of agrifood and 95% of grain went through the ports of the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea. Under the Russian invasion, Ukraine can export commodities exclusively through the western borders by rail and just 20 thousand tons per day. We are doing these minor exports not to jeopardize the food security», said Olena Neroba, business development manager at MaxiGrain.

The sooner the war ends, the less crop loss can be expected

Ukraine is forced to start sowing campaign with great risks. Today this is not only a matter of internal food security but also responsibility to the world. What areas will remain unsown and what amount of crop will be lost in the current growing season in Ukraine?

«Considering the problems faced by Ukrainian farmers, it is hard to predict the sowing campaign in Ukraine. In some regions — central and western — we are more optimistic. As for other regions, forecasts are rather sad. That is why the Ukrainian AgriCouncil (UAC) warns of the looming food crisis on all possible European media platforms», Andriy Dykun, chairman of the UAC, said.

Forecasts of crop losses range from 20% to 50%, but this a matter of the duration of hostilities.

«Winter wheat, sown in the fall, will be harvested except for the areas of the intensive hostilities. If the war ends in a month, which is unlikely, we will lose at least 20% of crops. Under the more dramatical scenario, if the war continues in spring and at harvest time, we risk losing up to 50% of the crop.

It’s difficult to assess the areas which will remain unsown, but the frontline areas definitely cannot be taken into account for sowing. Even if the war stops tomorrow, it won’t be possible to plant there due to poor condition of the fields, mining etc.," Mariya Kolesnyk said.

The corn belt of Ukraine in the area of intensive hostilities.

«Ukraine's winter wheat yields could fall by 15% compared to recent years if fertilizers aren’t applied now. As for corn, planting is under threat. In 2021, the largest corn area were in Poltava region — 643 th. ha, Chernihiv — 568 th. ha, Sumy — 461 th. ha and Kharkiv region — 300 th. ha. In many regions of Ukraine’s corn belt, active military operations are conducted,» Olena Neroba said.

Under these conditions, Ukrainian farmers will conduct sowing campaign with great risks.

«Currently, Ukrainian farmers are experiencing a total shortage of everything — labor, because lots of employees went to defend the country — some of them were called up for military service and others joined territorial defense forces,» Andriy Dykun said.

Despite the danger, most farmers are about to conduct sowing campaign. In coming weeks, farmers will start sowing spring crops, such as corn and sunflower despite tough conditions. Then, there appears a question of global food security but this is no longer a question to Ukraine. Take at least field mining — we will deal with this problem in the coming few years. Besides, the Russian invaders deliberately target Ukrainian farm machinery and destroy farms. The world must be more active in defending Ukraine and not stand aside.

Oksana Korol, Agravery.com

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